Set principally in Kumbakonam, a major stronghold of Brahmin domination at the cusp of the transition a century ago to an anti-Brahmin Dravidian identity, this revolutionary novel relentlessly exposes the sins that lay hypocritically at the heart of the actual lives of a community that had successfully passed itself off for centuries as a morally and ethically superior caste. Sudha G Tilak, as at home in her native Tamil as in English, has captured most effectively in her translation the tone, the nuances and historicity of what, at the time of its original writing, was a dramatically new genre of Tamil social realism, albeit in fictional mode. She deserves the gratitude of all for rendering to a non-Tamil speaking audience the social and political milieu that once pervaded Tamil Nadu but is an increasingly fading memory even in Kumbakonam, which I thrice represented in the Lok Sabha. -- Mani Shankar Aiyar

Pasitha Manidam is a novel that examines basic human emotions through the two characters, Ganesan and Kitta, without any bias. It is considered as the pioneering novel that started transgressive fiction in Tamil literature. This novel by Karichan Kunju, an eminent Tamil writer with immense expanse and depth getting translated to English as Hungry Humans is an essential and welcome effort by Sudha G Tilak. -- Kamal Haasan

R. NARAYANASWAMI (1919-1992) is better known by his pen name Karichan Kunju. He considered himself a protégé of the Tamil writer K. P. Rajagopalan, who wrote under the pseudonym Karichan-Tamil for the bird drongo. To honour his literary mentor, Narayanaswami wrote under the pen name Karichan Kunju, or the drongo's chick.


From eight to fifteen years of age Kunju studied Hindi and the Vedas in Bengaluru. He pursued higher studies in Hindi and Tamil at Rameshwara Vedasthana Patashala in Madurai and then worked as a Tamil teacher in Chennai, Mannargudi and Kumbakonam for a few years.


Kunju has an oeuvre of over hundred short stories. He also released ten short-story volumes, two novellas and dramas each, and essays titled Bharati's Search and Discovery (1982) and Ku Pa Ra (1990). Pasitha Manidam (1978) was his only novel. He translated important works from English, Sanskrit and Hindi into Tamil, besides translating works of Tamil into other languages. He has contributed richly to Tamil literature and culture by exposing the vicious hierarchies of ancient temple towns.


Karichan Kunju was the second son of Ramamrutha Sastri and Janaki Ammal. He is survived by four daughters-Lakshmi Baby, Prabhavati, Vijayal and Santha

Sudha G. Tilak has worked as a journalist in India and abroad. She has written non-fiction and has had short stories published in literary magazines. This is her first work of translation.